I will also explain how everything works in harmony and the very important role of\u00a0the operating system<\/strong>\u00a0, which allows you to carry out the operations you need in total autonomy and without having to be a\u00a0\u00a0genius<\/em>\u00a0of the computer.\u00a0Ready to get started? Fine, I wish you good reading and good exploration!<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Our journey inside the computer begins with studying what they are and what they serve all the pieces that are inside the box . In the lines below, I’ll explain what’s and what the processor , graphics card , RAM memory, and all the other components that make up these fascinating machines. You will see, at the end of this reading you will be perfectly able to distinguish them by eye and you will perfectly understand their usefulness.<\/p>\n The power supply is that component that gives electricity to all the other pieces of the computer. It connects directly to the power socket through the power cord and, out of it, several cables are connected to the components of the PC that require direct power – the motherboard, the disks , the optical readers and in some cases the fans. There are mainly two types of power supplies: the modular ones , on which the cables are initially disconnected and can be added as needed, and the non-modular ones , on which the cables are installed from the beginning and cannot be disconnected.<\/p>\n The power supply comes with a cooling fan : this is to ensure that high temperatures cannot damage or even burn it. The power of a power supply is measured in watts and varies according to the pieces to which it is to give electricity. On the market there are power supplies at different wattages, useful for various computer configurations: for example, if your computer has more than one powerful graphics unit and \/ or processor, you need a high wattage power supply. If the power supply breaks, the computer can not light up, and should therefore be replaced.<\/p>\n The\u00a0motherboard<\/strong>\u00a0is the most\u00a0important<\/strong>\u00a0component of the computer, the one that houses all the other\u00a0\u00a0parts,<\/em>\u00a0and is responsible for allocating the current received by the power supply, putting them in communication.\u00a0Numerous\u00a0integrated circuits<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0\u00a0connectors<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0expansion slots<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0\u00a0communication buses<\/strong>\u00a0are located on the motherboard. These are used to connect the attached components to the connectors or expansion slots and to pass the data from one side to the other.\u00a0The motherboard is\u00a0mounted directly on the case<\/strong>\u00a0and fastened with screws.<\/p>\n Virtually everything that matters about the inside of the computer to operate and receive data needs to be connected to the motherboard: from\u00a0\u00a0USB ports<\/strong>\u00a0to\u00a0\u00a0LEDs<\/strong>\u00a0, through\u00a0\u00a0speakers<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0\u00a0fans<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0\u00a0disks<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0\u00a0processors<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0RAM<\/strong>\u00a0benches and everything the rest.\u00a0That’s why I told you that the motherboard is the main part of the computer: if this breaks down the computer will not work at all (since there would be problems in the passage of data) and it should be replaced.<\/p>\n The motherboards are built with diamonds and copper, materials that help data transmission and at the same time resist high temperatures.\u00a0There are several motherboard formats, which differ in size and number of\u00a0\u00a0mounted\u00a0expansion slots<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0The most popular today is the\u00a0ATX<\/strong>\u00a0standard\u00a0\u00a0with its\u00a0Mini-ATX<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0\u00a0MicroATX<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0\u00a0FlexATX\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0versions\u00a0\u00a0(also to be chosen according to the desired size of the case).<\/p>\n The\u00a0\u00a0processor<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0is the heart of the computer: without it everything else would be completely useless!\u00a0It is the internal component that manages to\u00a0\u00a0process the<\/strong>\u00a0received\u00a0data<\/strong>\u00a0to provide it to all other parts of the computer, the operating system, and all its programs.\u00a0Initially, the processors were made up of different “pieces”, each suitable for a specific function.\u00a0Today, however, all about central data processing is integrated into a single printed circuit, which takes the name of a\u00a0\u00a0microprocessor<\/strong>\u00a0.<\/p>\n The small microprocessor unit that deals with calculations is the\u00a0\u00a0CPU<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0In some cases, you can also find the graphics calculator unit (GPU) on the same CPU plate – in that case, this component is named\u00a0\u00a0APU<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Initially, the processor could only perform one operation at a time (though extremely fast), but today there are more\u00a0\u00a0core processors<\/strong>\u00a0– more processing units – that allow you to perform as\u00a0\u00a0many current tasks<\/strong>\u00a0as possible.<\/p>\n The unit of measure to calculate the performance of a processor is\u00a0hertz<\/strong>\u00a0or\u00a0\u00a0Hz,<\/strong>but with the speeds a microprocessor can reach today, it is now necessary to speak of\u00a0\u00a0Gigahertz<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00a0GHz<\/strong>\u00a0).\u00a0The microprocessor has a\u00a0dedicated<\/strong>\u00a0motherboard\u00a0housing<\/strong>\u00a0, is installed directly on a slot, and includes a small memory for fast data\u00a0caching<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00a0cache<\/strong>\u00a0memory\u00a0\u00a0).\u00a0The microprocessor can reach really high temperatures, so it is always overwhelmed by a fan connected to a heatsink;\u00a0consequently, to see in the eye the processor will need to disassemble it.<\/p>\n The major PC processor manufacturers are\u00a0Intel<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0\u00a0AMD<\/strong>\u00a0, which offer processor families for various types of use.\u00a0For example,\u00a0Intel’s\u00a0i series<\/strong>\u00a0processors (eg i3, i5 and i7) are designed for the most powerful desktop computers and laptops, while\u00a0core m<\/strong>\u00a0processors (core m3, m5 and m7, and the latest generations have assumed the names of i5 and i7) are intended for ultrabooks and 2-in-1, which need reduced power consumption.<\/p>\n But I have to make a point: not always the video card is present on a computer, because the GPU can also be\u00a0integrated into the motherboard<\/strong>\u00a0or in the central microprocessor (in this case you talk about APU, I’ll explain it shortly).\u00a0In some computers you can find both the integrated GPU and an\u00a0independent<\/em>\u00a0video card\u00a0\u00a0– or, in technical terms,\u00a0\u00a0a discrete video card<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Some particularly powerful configurations can also provide\u00a0\u00a0multiple video cards together<\/strong>\u00a0, perhaps linked together to increase performance.<\/p>\n The video card is a circuit board often surrounded by a silicon structure.\u00a0Some particularly powerful video cards also feature one or more fans to lower the temperature reached.\u00a0The video card can be equipped with\u00a0\u00a0dedicated RAM<\/strong>\u00a0for faster data processing, and is located in\u00a0\u00a0the PCI\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0or\u00a0\u00a0PCI-e<\/strong>\u00a0slot on the motherboard.\u00a0Once installed in the computer, the video card allows access to the communication ports from the back of the case, for connecting the\u00a0monitor<\/strong>\u00a0or other video devices.\u00a0Among these are:<\/p>\n The main video card manufacturers are\u00a0\u00a0Nvidia<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0AMD<\/strong>\u00a0, which offer GPUs of various powers belonging to various market segments: the most advanced, high-end gaming and professional applications (eg 3D design) cost hundreds of euro.<\/p>\n Are you saying you want to buy a new video card but would you like some other information about it?\u00a0Perfect: I recommend that you go first\u00a0on Wikipedia\u00a0for a closer look.<\/p>\n As the name itself implies, the\u00a0sound card<\/strong>\u00a0is the component of the computer that allows you to listen to digital sounds.\u00a0Just like the video card, you can find it either\u00a0\u00a0integrated<\/strong>\u00a0in the motherboard or as a separate component.\u00a0In the latter case, the sound card has the shape of a thin rectangle with circuits and capacitors.<\/p>\n The sound card is installed in a special\u00a0motherboard<\/strong>\u00a0housing\u00a0and is powered directly from\u00a0the\u00a0motherboard<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Once installed in the computer, the sound card allows access to its communication ports from the back of the case.\u00a0Among them are.<\/p>\n Today, just like today, almost all motherboards have a built-in sound card, but if you’re an audio file and are looking for something that can increase the quality of sounds coming from your computer.<\/p>\n There is usually one in each of the most inclined components to heat up – a processor fan, a fan for the power supply, and a fan for the video card.\u00a0The fans placed directly above the units are equipped with a\u00a0heat sink<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0However, it is not unusual to find homes that include one or more fans to improve indoor ventilation.<\/p>\n Another interesting system to keep down the inside temperature of your computer is\u00a0\u00a0liquid cooling<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0This is a system of\u00a0\u00a0pumps<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0\u00a0fans<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0\u00a0tubes<\/strong>\u00a0and other components that allow you to\u00a0\u00a0turn<\/em>\u00a0your computer into a\u00a0\u00a0coolant<\/strong>\u00a0, which prevents the internal components from overheating.<\/p>\n The liquid never comes into direct contact with the components, but the heat transfer takes place by\u00a0convection<\/strong>\u00a0: on each component to be cooled to liquid there is a\u00a0\u00a0waterblock<\/strong>\u00a0that has a function similar to that of the heatsink and runs\u00a0through<\/em>\u00a0the refrigerant liquid the component itself.\u00a0Some liquid cooling systems are equipped with very light tubes, very nice to see!\u00a0Wait a second, would you like to get a better idea of liquid cooling?<\/p>\n The\u00a0RAM<\/strong>\u00a0is the component of a computer that acts as a “via” between the hard disk and\u00a0cache<\/strong>\u00a0of the processor and has the duty to speed up data traffic, since the processor bus works at much higher speeds than the disk.\u00a0RAM memory looks like a long and thin rectangle, it is a printed circuit that contains\u00a0\u00a0benches<\/strong>\u00a0; the latter are concerned with storing the information.\u00a0The peculiarity of RAM is that it is completely emptied in the absence of electricity: it is a “transitory” memory that passes data that is eliminated when the computer is shut down, ie the data of the applications in use and the running processes of the system.<\/p>\n RAM Memory Measures in GigaByte: The larger is, the more information it can contain, the more computer performance increases, especially in\u00a0multi-tasking<\/strong>optics\u00a0(that is, running multiple programs at the same time).\u00a0It is installed in special motherboard housings (often equipped with a “snap-in” mechanism to facilitate mounting and disassembly) and communicates directly with the processor and other storage media.<\/p>\n The most popular RAM formats are the\u00a0\u00a0DIMMs<\/strong>\u00a0(for desktop computers) and\u00a0\u00a0SO-DIMMs<\/strong>\u00a0(for laptops);\u00a0memories can also have different communication speeds with the rest of the computer: this feature is called\u00a0\u00a0bus frequency<\/strong>\u00a0and is measured in\u00a0\u00a0MHz<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>Now that I’ve explained to you what is needed and where is RAM installed, did you want to buy a new bench to speed up your computer more?\u00a0I’ve given you all the advice to do it best, as well as detailed explanations on the various features of these memories<\/p>\n There are mainly two types of fixed disks: the\u00a0mechanical<\/strong>\u00a0disk\u00a0that uses handles and heads to save and retrieve data, and the\u00a0solid state disk<\/strong>\u00a0(or\u00a0\u00a0SSD<\/strong>\u00a0), which instead uses a set of small, power-charged memories.\u00a0In addition, you can find hard disk drives from different storage cuts;\u00a0the unit of measure to measure the\u00a0available space\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0is GigaByte (GB, equivalent to 1000 or 1024 MB, depending on the disc manufacturer’s estimates) or TeraByte (TB, which equals 1000 or 1024 GB), and more a hard drive is large more data can hold.<\/p>\n In addition, a hard drive can have two dimensions:\u00a0\u00a03.5 ”\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0(reads three inches and a half), the classic mechanical disk that you can find on a computer, or\u00a0\u00a02.5″<\/strong>\u00a0– which is the standard size of SSDs and mechanical disks portable.\u00a0The hard disk is positioned in a specific housing of the\u00a0\u00a0houses<\/strong>\u00a0, and is connected to\u00a0\u00a0the motherboard<\/strong>\u00a0via a cable\u00a0SATA data<\/strong>\u00a0(I, II, or III).\u00a0The hard drive needs to receive electricity directly from the\u00a0power supply<\/strong>\u00a0, which is connected via an\u00a0SATA power<\/strong>\u00a0cord\u00a0.<\/p>\n As the name suggests, the network adapter is the one that offers the ability to connect to a network or the Internet. It can be either wired (Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi) and has the shape of a thin rectangle with printed circuit boards (and, if it is wireless, an antenna). It houses and feeds directly from the motherboard via the PCMCIA or PCMCIA -e input (which stands for express).<\/p>\n Once installed in the computer, the network card allows access to the communication ports from the back of the case ( here more details). Among these are:<\/p>\n one or more ethernet ports for connecting network cables; The\u00a0\u00a0case<\/strong>\u00a0is the case where all the other components of the computer are located, the so-called ”\u00a0box<\/em>\u00a0“.\u00a0Usually a case is made of\u00a0sheet steel<\/strong>\u00a0or\u00a0aluminum<\/strong>\u00a0, this is to improve thermal conductivity (the components inside it can reach very high temperatures).<\/p>\n Each house is arranged with special housings to hold the pieces inside;\u00a0some, even, provide guides to pass the cables and keep them tidy.\u00a0Typically, there are also LED indicators, pushbuttons, communication ports, and fans that may differ from case to case: hereafter I explain the most common.<\/p>\n The side panels of the case can be dismantled to allow insertion and assembly of the interior components, as well as cleaning.\u00a0Some side panels are made of\u00a0plexiglass<\/strong>\u00a0, so you can see what’s inside.\u00a0Usually, the height of a case varies between\u00a0\u00a033<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0\u00a065-70 centimeters<\/strong>\u00a0, depending on the size chosen: the\u00a0\u00a0microtower<\/strong>\u00a0measures about 35 cm, the\u00a0\u00a0minitower<\/strong>\u00a0is 40, the\u00a0\u00a0mid-tower<\/strong>\u00a044 and the\u00a0\u00a0tower<\/strong>about 60 centimeters.\u00a0When you decide to use small houses, you have to be careful of the motherboard format to use inside it.\u00a0There are also houses larger than 70cm but usually they are used for\u00a0servers.<\/strong><\/p>\n Now that you have finally given a name to all those components you’ve definitely seen on a disassembled computer, it’s now that you will learn the exact name of everything you see\u00a0out<\/em>\u00a0of the computer but connected to it through wires and adapters.\u00a0These components are called\u00a0\u00a0input \/ output<\/strong>\u00a0(or I \/ O)\u00a0peripherals<\/strong>\u00a0, because they allow communication between the computer user and the computer itself.<\/p>\n By using them, you can\u00a0\u00a0enter data<\/strong>\u00a0(inputs) on your computer and\u00a0\u00a0view output data<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0generated by the processor, disk, and discarding work.\u00a0Some of them will know them for sure, others maybe not!<\/p>\n The\u00a0\u00a0monitor<\/strong>\u00a0is an\u00a0output<\/strong>\u00a0device\u00a0\u00a0and, as you certainly know, it is essential to use your computer, as it lets you see everything that happens.\u00a0There are monitors for all tastes and sizes, and typically their main properties are the diagonal (ie the physical size of the screen, in\u00a0inches<\/strong>\u00a0) and the\u00a0resolution\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0(ie the number of\u00a0\u00a0pixels<\/strong>\u00a0on the screen).\u00a0Some computer monitors are touch-screen and may also include small speakers for sound reproduction.<\/p>\n The monitor is connected via cable to the video card communication ports, typically to the HDMI or DVI digital ports . Some older monitors are connected via the “old” analog VGA port (the audio jack of the monitor, if present, is directly connected to the sound card). With some special configurations, you can even connect two monitors to your PC !<\/p>\n Already you are, do you need advice on buying a new monitor? I have a dedicated guide that might be of great help to you.<\/p>\n The mouse is an input device that allows you to control the dart that you see on the monitor and that uses the operating system to click. Basically, the mice are equipped with two front buttons (usable with the index and the middle) and a clickable center wheel.<\/p>\n There’s really a mouse for all tastes, some of which are dedicated to players or professionals, and feature a lot of pointing accuracy and additional push buttons. There are mouse wires (which connect to the computer via USB cable ) and wireless mouse ; are you thinking of buying a new one? I have a guide for the best mice waiting for you to be consulted!<\/p>\n The keypad is another very important input component: it is through it that you can write texts or use particular computer functions. There are keyboards for all tastes, both economical and professional. Some of them also offer additional buttons to manually configure with custom actions ( macros ), others may have an attractive aesthetic appearance and, moreover, a combination of the two.<\/p>\n Commercial keyboards can have different layouts, ie different keystrokes and symbols, depending on the country in which they are sold. The keyboard connects to the computer via a USB connection ; On laptops, however, this has a direct connection to the motherboard. On the market, you can find both wireless keyboards and keyboards. And if the keyboard suddenly stops working, you can use a virtual keyboard until you buy a new one!<\/p>\n The touchpad (or trackpad) is an input device that replaces the mouse on laptops. There are different types of touchpads: almost all are clickable by touching them with finger, others have separate buttons for right and left clicks, others do not need physical keys and can only be controlled with their fingers thanks to gesture support .<\/p>\n For example, clicking with one finger creates the left mouse click, with two fingers the right, with three fingers you can open menus, with the pinch you can increase or decrease the zoom , rolling with two fingers you can move up or down the windows and talk.<\/p>\n The webcam is an input device that, when connected to the computer, allows you to take pictures, record videos, stream live on the Internet (for example, with direct Facebook or Skype) and with a little imagination even watch over the home . Most of the commercial cameras are equipped with a microphone and can have their own base or be attached to the monitor via a clip .<\/p>\n Webcams are connected to the computer via USB, while most laptops are already integrated into the monitor and plugged directly into the motherboard. How do you say? Do not have a webcam yet on your computer and want to buy one? I can help you with a number of good advice .<\/p>\n The printer is an output device that is used to create paper copies of documents, images and digital files in general. It can be connected to the computer via USB cable, Wi-Fi connection or cloud companion and, thanks to the drivers, is fully managed by the operating system. In the market, you can find printers with wire and printer Wireless, which give the file on paper using ink jets from a cartridge, a special compound called toner or special thermal inks .<\/p>\n![\"Internal](\"https:\/\/uaetechnician.ae\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/1.Internal-components.jpg\")
<\/a><\/p>\nPower Supply<\/h3>\n
![\"power](\"https:\/\/uaetechnician.ae\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/2.power-supply.jpg\")
<\/p>\n![\"Motherboard\"](\"https:\/\/uaetechnician.ae\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/3.Motherboard.jpg\")
<\/p>\nProcessor<\/h2>\n
![\"Processor\"](\"https:\/\/uaetechnician.ae\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/4.Processor.jpg\")
<\/p>\nVideo Card<\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/uaetechnician.ae\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/5.Video-Card.jpg\")
The\u00a0video card<\/strong>\u00a0is that component of a computer that\u00a0\u00a0processes graphic data<\/strong>\u00a0, that is all that can be seen on screen, thanks to the\u00a0graphics processor<\/strong>\u00a0(GPU) on it.\u00a0The GPU receives data directly from the CPU and transmits them to the main video output device (usually the monitor).<\/p>\n\n
Audio Card<\/h2>\n
![\"Audio](\"https:\/\/uaetechnician.ae\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/6.Audio-card.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\n
Cooling Systems<\/h2>\n
![\"cooling](\"https:\/\/uaetechnician.ae\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/7.cooling-system-1.jpg\")
I know it may sound strange, but work creates heat and inside a computer it would be easy to get even at temperatures that exceed 100 degrees … if there were no\u00a0\u00a0cooling systems<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0The most common cooling method you can find inside a computer is the\u00a0\u00a0fan<\/strong>\u00a0.<\/p>\nRAM Memory<\/h3>\n
![\"RAM](\"https:\/\/uaetechnician.ae\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/8-RAM-memory.jpg\")
<\/p>\nHard Disk (Hard Drive or SSD)<\/h3>\n
![\"Hard](\"https:\/\/uaetechnician.ae\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/9-Hard-Disk-Hard-Drive-or-SSD.jpg\")
The\u00a0\u00a0hard disk<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0(or\u00a0hard disk<\/strong>\u00a0) is the part of the computer that stores the persistent data, ie those that have to last in time.\u00a0It is about it that you can find the operating system, installed programs and all the files and folders.\u00a0The hard disk communicates directly with RAM: When the operating system requests data, they are taken from the disk and loaded into RAM and then processed by the processor.<\/p>\nNetwork Card<\/h2>\n
\none or more Wi-Fi antennas for wireless networking.<\/p>\nHomes<\/h2>\n
\n
I \/ O Peripherals<\/h2>\n
Monitor<\/h3>\n
Mouse<\/h3>\n
Keyboard<\/h3>\n
Touchpad (or Trackpad)<\/h3>\n
Webcam<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Printer<\/strong><\/h3>\n